Imayini ye-Bitcoin iyinqubo yokudala i-bitcoin entsha ngokuxazulula izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Ukumbiwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha kuyadingeka ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga. Uma inkinga inzima, amandla okumbiwa kwe-hardware anamandla. Inhloso yezimayini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthengiselana kuqinisekisiwe futhi kugcinwe kuthembekile njengamabhulokhi ku-blockchain. Lokho kwenza inethiwekhi ye-bitcoin ivikeleke futhi ibe nokwenzeka.
Ukugqugquzela abavukuzi be-bitcoin abasebenzisa izimayini, baklonyeliswa ngezimali zokuthengiselana kanye ne-bitcoin entsha noma nini lapho kufakwa ibhulokhi entsha yokuthengiselana ku-blockchain. Inani elisha le-bitcoin elimbiwe noma eliklonyeliswa lincishiswa ngesigamu njalo eminyakeni emine. Kusukela namuhla, ama-bitcoins angu-6.25 avuzwa nge-block entsha embiwe. Isikhathi esifanele sokumbiwa kwebhulokhi imizuzu eyi-10. Ngakho-ke, kukhona inani eliphelele lama-bitcoins angama-900 engeziwe ekusakazeni.
Ukuqina kwezimayini ze-bitcoin kuvezwa izinga le-hash. Izinga le-hashi lamanje lenethiwekhi ye-bitcoin licishe libe ngu-130m TH/s, okusho ukuthi izimayini zehadiwe zithumela ama-hashe angama-quintillion angu-130 ngomzuzwana ukuze kube noshintsho olulodwa kuphela lwebhulokhi eyodwa oluqinisekisiwe. Lokhu kudinga inani elikhulu lamandla ngezimayini ezinamandla zehadiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga le-bitcoin hash libuyekezwa njalo emavikini amabili. Lesi sici sikhuthaza umvukuzi ukuthi ahlale esimeni semakethe yokuphahlazeka. Irigi yezimayini ye-ASIC iyathengiswa
OKUSHA KWEzimayini ze-BITCIN
Emuva ku-2009, isizukulwane sokuqala se-hardware yezimayini ye-bitcoin yasebenzisa i-Central Processing Unit (CPU). Ekupheleni kuka-2010, abavukuzi babona ukuthi ukusebenzisa i-Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, abantu babekwazi ukumba i-bitcoin kuma-PC noma kuma-laptop abo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubunzima bezimayini bitcoin buye banda kakhulu. Abantu babengasakwazi ukumba i-bitcoin kahle ekhaya. Maphakathi no-2011, isizukulwane sesithathu se-hardware yezimayini yakhululwa eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) eyadla amandla amancane ngamandla amaningi. Lokho kwakunganele kwaze kwaba ngasekuqaleni kuka-2013, i-Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) yethulwa emakethe ngokusebenza kwayo okukhulu.
Umlando wokusungulwa kwe-hardware yezimayini ze-bitcoin ngezinga layo le-hash nokusebenza kahle kwamandla Kuthathwe ocwaningweni luka-Vranken.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abavukuzi abangabodwana bangahlangana benze ichibi lezimayini. Ichibi lezimayini lisebenza ukukhulisa amandla ezinsimbi zezimayini. Ithuba lokuthi umayini oyedwa ambambe ibhulokhi eyodwa liqanda kuleli zinga lamanje lobunzima. Ngisho noma basebenzisa i-hardware emisha kakhulu, basadinga ichibi lezimayini ukuze benze inzuzo. Abavukuzi bangajoyina i-pool yezimayini kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikuphi indawo, futhi imali yabo engenayo iqinisekisiwe. Nakuba iholo opharetha ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi nobunzima inethiwekhi bitcoin.
Ngosizo lwe-hardware yezimayini enamandla kanye nephuli yezimayini, inethiwekhi ye-bitcoin iba ngokuvikeleka kakhulu futhi ihlukaniswe. Amandla asetshenziswa kunethiwekhi aya ngokuya encipha. Ngakho-ke, izindleko kanye nomthelela wemvelo wezimayini bitcoin kuncipha.
UBUFAKAZI BOKUSEBENZA BUBALULEKILE
Inqubo yokumba i-bitcoin kusetshenziswa ugesi ibizwa ngokuthi i-proof-of-work (PoW). Njengoba i-PoW idinga amandla amaningi ukuze isebenze, abantu bacabanga ukuthi iyamosha. I-PoW ayimoshi kuze kuqashelwe inani le-bitcoin intrinsic. Indlela i-PoW mechanism edla ngayo amandla yenza inani layo. Kuwo wonke umlando, inani lamandla abantu abawasebenzisayo ukuze baphile belilokhu likhula kakhulu. Amandla abalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izinga lempilo. Isibonelo, ukumba igolide kudla isamba esikhulu samandla, imoto idla uphethiloli, nokulala nakho kudinga amandla…njll. Zonke izinto ezigcina amandla noma ukuchitha amandla zibalulekile. Inani langaphakathi le-bitcoin lingahlolwa ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Ngakho, i-PoW yenza i-bitcoin ibe yigugu. Uma kuchithwa amandla amaningi, inethiwekhi evikelekile kakhulu, i-value eyengeziwe ye-bitcoin. Ukufana kwegolide ne-bitcoin kuyindlala, futhi konke kudinga inani elikhulu lamandla ukuze imayini.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PoW ibalulekile ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwayo amandla angenamkhawulo. Abavukuzi bangasebenzisa izinsiza zamandla ezilahliwe ezivela kuwo wonke umhlaba. Bangasebenzisa amandla avela ekuqhumeni kwentaba-mlilo, amandla avela kumagagasi olwandle, amandla alahliwe avela edolobheni lasemaphandleni e-China…njll. Lona ubuhle bendlela ye-PoW. Kwakungakaze kube khona isitolo esiyigugu kuwo wonke umlando wesintu kwaze kwaba yilapho kusungulwa i-bitcoin.
I-BITCOIN VS GOLD
I-Bitcoin negolide kuyafana ngokushoda kanye nezitolo zenani. Abantu bathi i-bitcoin iphelelwe umoya, igolide okungenani linenani lalo elibonakalayo. Inani le-bitcoin liyashoda, kuzoba nama-bitcoins ayizigidi ezingama-21 kuphela akhona. Inethiwekhi ye-Bitcoin ivikelekile futhi ayinakunyakaziswa. Uma kuziwa ekuthuthweni, i-bitcoin ithwala kakhulu kunegolide. Isibonelo, i-dollar eyisigidi se-bitcoin ithatha okwesibili ukudlulisa, kodwa inani elifanayo legolide lingathatha amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho nokungenakwenzeka. Kukhona ukungqubuzana okukhulu kwe-liquidity yegolide okwenza ingakwazi ukuvala i-bitcoin.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukumba igolide kuhamba ngezigaba eziningi ezidla isikhathi futhi zibiza. Ngokuphambene, izimayini ze-bitcoin zidinga kuphela i-hardware nogesi. Ingozi yokumbiwa kwegolide nayo inkulu uma iqhathaniswa nezimayini ze-bitcoin. Abavukuzi begolide bangase babhekane nokuncipha kweminyaka yokuphila lapho besebenza endaweni enzima. Nakuba abavukuzi be-bitcoin bangase balahlekelwe yimali kuphela. Ngenani lamanje le-bitcoin, ngokusobala, i-bitcoin yezimayini iphephe kakhulu futhi inenzuzo eyengeziwe.
Cabanga nge-hardware yezimayini engu-$750 enenani le-hash elingu-16 TH/s. Ukusebenzisa le hardware eyodwa kuzobiza u-$700 ukumba cishe i-bitcoin engu-0.1. Ngakho-ke, izindleko eziphelele ngonyaka ukukhiqiza cishe ama-bitcoins angu-328500 yi-$ 2.3 billion. Kusukela ngo-2013, abavukuzi basebenzise amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-17.6 ukuze basebenzise futhi basebenzise izinhlelo zezimayini ze-bitcoin. Nakuba izindleko zokumbiwa kwegolide zingama- $105B ngonyaka, ephakeme kakhulu kunezindleko zonyaka zokumbiwa kwe-bitcoin. Ngakho-ke, amandla asetshenziswe kunethiwekhi ye-bitcoin ayimoshi uma inani layo nezindleko zicatshangelwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-15-2022
